It would help if you could tell us the make and year of your boat. Are you in fresh or salt water, etc?
Battery charger: Don't recognize the model#. what brand is it? Make sure it is an automatic marine unit and not automotive. Automotive types are not electrically isolated and can cause your boat to dissapear. 10 amp seems a little light for marine use.
Anodes: your boat is probably equipped with zinc anodes. If its just a little chunk knocked out of it don't worry about it. New zincs can be obtained from any marine supply store or catalog.
Cathodic protection system: Low readings usually can be corrected by making sure all connections are clean and tight and a cleaning of your anodes. If your anodes are connected to the cathodic protection system system there may be something unique about them. What brand of system do you have? Capac was popular a few years ago. Don't know about glass dome in center, usually the attachment bolt is in the center of the anode.
Note: Magnesium anodes are currently popular for fresh water where significant problems exist. However, I don't consider them necessary unless you have rapid anode depletion and sensitive outdrives (such as Bravo IIIs) Don't mix zinc and mag anodes.
This site may be of interest to you.
http://www.yandina.com/electrolysis.htm